Evidence is gathered about student achievement or understanding. The information allows the instructor or learner to alter future instructional steps. It is done to improve learning outcomes (Black & ...

Formative assessments are tools used during instruction to provide real-time feedback, helping both students and educators make immediate improvements. Unlike summative assessments, which evaluate ...

Summative assessments are implemented at the end of a unit, course, or instructional period to evaluate how well students have achieved the learning objectives, such as knowledge, skills, and ...